1. Historical Background: It was built on the island of Pharos in the city of Alexandria, which was a major center of trade and culture in the ancient world. 2. Architectural Style: The architectural style of the lighthouse was influenced by both Egyptian and Greek traditions. It was designed by the Greek architect Sostratus of Cnidus and is believed to have been a tall tower-like structure made of white marble blocks. The tower was constructed on a square base and gradually tapered towards the top. 3. Structure and Layout: The exact dimensions and structure of the Lighthouse of Alexandria are not known, as it was destroyed centuries ago. However, historical accounts describe it as a colossal tower that stood between 100 to 150 meters (330 to 490 feet) tall. It was divided into three sections: a square base, an octagonal midsection, and a cylindrical top. 4. Main Features: - Light Source: The most significant feature of the lighthouse was its powerful light source, which was visible from great distances at night. It is believed that a large fire or an array of mirrors was used to create a beam of light that guided ships into the harbor of Alexandria. - Mirror System: The lighthouse is said to have used a system of mirrors and lenses to amplify and direct the light beam. This innovative technology allowed the light to be visible even during adverse weather conditions. - Observation Deck: At the top of the lighthouse, there was an observation deck where guards would keep watch for approaching ships and potential threats. This deck also offered a panoramic view of the city and the surrounding sea.

5. Significance and Legacy: The Lighthouse of Alexandria was not only a functional structure but also a symbol of the power and prosperity of the Ptolemaic Kingdom. It served as a navigational aid for sailors and played a crucial role in the economic success of Alexandria as a major port city. The lighthouse also became a renowned symbol of ancient engineering and was frequently mentioned in historical texts. 6. Destruction and Controversy: The Lighthouse of Alexandria stood for over 1,500 years before it was damaged by earthquakes in the 14th century CE. Over time, the structure deteriorated further, and its remains were eventually dismantled and used in the construction of other buildings. Today, there are debates among historians and archaeologists regarding the exact location and appearance of the lighthouse, as no physical remains have been found. In conclusion, the Lighthouse of Alexandria was a remarkable architectural achievement that stood as a beacon of light and hope for sailors navigating the Mediterranean Sea. Its grandeur and technological advancements continue to captivate the imagination, making it one of the most iconic structures of the ancient world.